diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentController.kt
index e9fcc649..9a903a9f 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentController.kt
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.chat.character.comment
 
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.common.ApiResponse
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.common.SodaException
+import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.i18n.LangContext
+import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.i18n.SodaMessageSource
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.member.Member
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value
 import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal
@@ -18,6 +20,8 @@ import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController
 @RequestMapping("/api/chat/character")
 class CharacterCommentController(
     private val service: CharacterCommentService,
+    private val messageSource: SodaMessageSource,
+    private val langContext: LangContext,
     @Value("\${cloud.aws.cloud-front.host}")
     private val imageHost: String
 ) {
@@ -28,9 +32,9 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @RequestBody request: CreateCharacterCommentRequest,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
-        if (request.comment.isBlank()) throw SodaException("댓글 내용을 입력해주세요.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
+        if (request.comment.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.required")
 
         val id = service.addComment(characterId, member, request.comment)
         ApiResponse.ok(id)
@@ -43,9 +47,9 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @RequestBody request: CreateCharacterCommentRequest,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
-        if (request.comment.isBlank()) throw SodaException("댓글 내용을 입력해주세요.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
+        if (request.comment.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.required")
 
         val id = service.addReply(characterId, commentId, member, request.comment, request.languageCode)
         ApiResponse.ok(id)
@@ -58,8 +62,8 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @RequestParam(required = false) cursor: Long?,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val data = service.listComments(imageHost, characterId, cursor, limit)
         ApiResponse.ok(data)
@@ -73,8 +77,8 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @RequestParam(required = false) cursor: Long?,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         // characterId는 서비스 내부 검증(원본 댓글과 캐릭터 일치)에서 검증됨
         val data = service.getReplies(imageHost, commentId, cursor, limit)
@@ -87,10 +91,11 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @PathVariable commentId: Long,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
         service.deleteComment(characterId, commentId, member)
-        ApiResponse.ok(true, "댓글이 삭제되었습니다.")
+        val message = messageSource.getMessage("chat.character.comment.deleted", langContext.lang)
+        ApiResponse.ok(true, message)
     }
 
     @PostMapping("/{characterId}/comments/{commentId}/reports")
@@ -100,9 +105,10 @@ class CharacterCommentController(
         @RequestBody request: ReportCharacterCommentRequest,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
         service.reportComment(characterId, commentId, member, request.content)
-        ApiResponse.ok(true, "신고가 접수되었습니다.")
+        val message = messageSource.getMessage("chat.character.comment.reported", langContext.lang)
+        ApiResponse.ok(true, message)
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentService.kt
index 1be90668..8d5cd826 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/comment/CharacterCommentService.kt
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
         entity: CharacterComment,
         replyCountOverride: Int? = null
     ): CharacterCommentResponse {
-        val member = entity.member ?: throw SodaException("유효하지 않은 댓글입니다.")
+        val member = entity.member ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.invalid")
         return CharacterCommentResponse(
             commentId = entity.id!!,
             memberId = member.id!!,
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
     }
 
     private fun toReplyResponse(imageHost: String, entity: CharacterComment): CharacterReplyResponse {
-        val member = entity.member ?: throw SodaException("유효하지 않은 댓글입니다.")
+        val member = entity.member ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.invalid")
         return CharacterReplyResponse(
             replyId = entity.id!!,
             memberId = member.id!!,
@@ -64,9 +64,10 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
 
     @Transactional
     fun addComment(characterId: Long, member: Member, text: String, languageCode: String? = null): Long {
-        val character = chatCharacterRepository.findById(characterId).orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다.") }
-        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 캐릭터입니다.")
-        if (text.isBlank()) throw SodaException("댓글 내용을 입력해주세요.")
+        val character = chatCharacterRepository.findById(characterId)
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
+        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.inactive")
+        if (text.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.required")
 
         val entity = CharacterComment(comment = text, languageCode = languageCode)
         entity.chatCharacter = character
@@ -95,12 +96,14 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
         text: String,
         languageCode: String? = null
     ): Long {
-        val character = chatCharacterRepository.findById(characterId).orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다.") }
-        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 캐릭터입니다.")
-        val parent = commentRepository.findById(parentCommentId).orElseThrow { SodaException("댓글을 찾을 수 없습니다.") }
-        if (parent.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException("잘못된 요청입니다.")
-        if (!parent.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 댓글입니다.")
-        if (text.isBlank()) throw SodaException("댓글 내용을 입력해주세요.")
+        val character = chatCharacterRepository.findById(characterId)
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
+        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.inactive")
+        val parent = commentRepository.findById(parentCommentId)
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.not_found") }
+        if (parent.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.invalid_request")
+        if (!parent.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.inactive")
+        if (text.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.required")
 
         val entity = CharacterComment(comment = text, languageCode = languageCode)
         entity.chatCharacter = character
@@ -162,9 +165,9 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
         limit: Int = 20
     ): CharacterCommentRepliesResponse {
         val original = commentRepository.findById(commentId).orElseThrow {
-            SodaException("댓글을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.not_found")
         }
-        if (!original.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 댓글입니다.")
+        if (!original.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.inactive")
 
         val pageable = PageRequest.of(0, limit)
         val replies = if (cursor == null) {
@@ -207,20 +210,22 @@ class CharacterCommentService(
 
     @Transactional
     fun deleteComment(characterId: Long, commentId: Long, member: Member) {
-        val comment = commentRepository.findById(commentId).orElseThrow { SodaException("댓글을 찾을 수 없습니다.") }
-        if (comment.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException("잘못된 요청입니다.")
+        val comment = commentRepository.findById(commentId)
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.not_found") }
+        if (comment.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.invalid_request")
         if (!comment.isActive) return
-        val ownerId = comment.member?.id ?: throw SodaException("유효하지 않은 댓글입니다.")
-        if (ownerId != member.id) throw SodaException("삭제 권한이 없습니다.")
+        val ownerId = comment.member?.id ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.invalid")
+        if (ownerId != member.id) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.delete_forbidden")
         comment.isActive = false
         commentRepository.save(comment)
     }
 
     @Transactional
     fun reportComment(characterId: Long, commentId: Long, member: Member, content: String) {
-        val comment = commentRepository.findById(commentId).orElseThrow { SodaException("댓글을 찾을 수 없습니다.") }
-        if (comment.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException("잘못된 요청입니다.")
-        if (content.isBlank()) throw SodaException("신고 내용을 입력해주세요.")
+        val comment = commentRepository.findById(commentId)
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.not_found") }
+        if (comment.chatCharacter?.id != characterId) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.invalid_request")
+        if (content.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.comment.report_content_required")
 
         val report = CharacterCommentReport(content = content)
         report.comment = comment
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/controller/ChatCharacterController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/controller/ChatCharacterController.kt
index 63ae72be..afa2bb37 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/controller/ChatCharacterController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/controller/ChatCharacterController.kt
@@ -155,12 +155,12 @@ class ChatCharacterController(
         @PathVariable characterId: Long,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         // 캐릭터 상세 정보 조회
         val character = service.getCharacterDetail(characterId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found")
 
         // 태그 가공: # prefix 규칙 적용 후 공백으로 연결
         val tags = character.tagMappings
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageController.kt
index 8744e26d..7e9d5899 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageController.kt
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ class CharacterImageController(
         @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "20") size: Int,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val pageSize = if (size <= 0) 20 else minOf(size, 20)
 
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ class CharacterImageController(
         @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "20") size: Int,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val pageSize = if (size <= 0) 20 else minOf(size, 20)
         val expiration = 5L * 60L * 1000L // 5분
@@ -198,18 +198,18 @@ class CharacterImageController(
         @RequestBody req: CharacterImagePurchaseRequest,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val image = imageService.getById(req.imageId)
-        if (!image.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 이미지입니다.")
+        if (!image.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.inactive")
 
         val isOwned = (image.imagePriceCan == 0L) ||
             imageService.isOwnedImageByMember(image.id!!, member.id!!)
 
         if (!isOwned) {
             val needCan = image.imagePriceCan.toInt()
-            if (needCan <= 0) throw SodaException("구매 가격이 잘못되었습니다.")
+            if (needCan <= 0) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.purchase.invalid_price")
 
             canPaymentService.spendCanForCharacterImage(
                 memberId = member.id!!,
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageService.kt
index b0bbe98f..596da874 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/image/CharacterImageService.kt
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ class CharacterImageService(
     }
 
     fun getById(id: Long): CharacterImage =
-        imageRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터 이미지를 찾을 수 없습니다: $id") }
+        imageRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.not_found") }
 
     fun getCharacterImagePath(characterId: Long): String? {
         val character = characterRepository.findById(characterId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: $characterId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
         return character.imagePath
     }
 
@@ -94,11 +94,13 @@ class CharacterImageService(
         triggers: List<String>
     ): CharacterImage {
         val character = characterRepository.findById(characterId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: $characterId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
 
-        if (imagePriceCan < 0 || messagePriceCan < 0) throw SodaException("가격은 0 can 이상이어야 합니다.")
+        if (imagePriceCan < 0 || messagePriceCan < 0) {
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.min_price")
+        }
 
-        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 캐릭터에는 이미지를 등록할 수 없습니다: $characterId")
+        if (!character.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.inactive_image_register")
 
         val nextOrder = (imageRepository.findMaxSortOrderByCharacterId(characterId)) + 1
         val entity = CharacterImage(
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ class CharacterImageService(
     @Transactional
     fun updateTriggers(imageId: Long, triggers: List<String>): CharacterImage {
         val image = getById(imageId)
-        if (!image.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 이미지는 수정할 수 없습니다: $imageId")
+        if (!image.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.inactive_update")
         applyTriggers(image, triggers)
         return image
     }
@@ -159,8 +161,10 @@ class CharacterImageService(
         val updated = mutableListOf<CharacterImage>()
         ids.forEachIndexed { idx, id ->
             val img = getById(id)
-            if (img.chatCharacter.id != characterId) throw SodaException("다른 캐릭터의 이미지가 포함되어 있습니다: $id")
-            if (!img.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 이미지는 순서를 변경할 수 없습니다: $id")
+            if (img.chatCharacter.id != characterId) {
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.other_character_included")
+            }
+            if (!img.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.image.inactive_order_change")
             img.sortOrder = idx + 1
             updated.add(img)
         }
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterBannerService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterBannerService.kt
index 1eeaadbb..6321c28d 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterBannerService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterBannerService.kt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
      */
     fun getBannerById(bannerId: Long): ChatCharacterBanner {
         return bannerRepository.findById(bannerId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("배너를 찾을 수 없습니다: $bannerId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.not_found") }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
     @Transactional
     fun registerBanner(characterId: Long, imagePath: String): ChatCharacterBanner {
         val character = characterRepository.findById(characterId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: $characterId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
 
         if (!character.isActive) {
-            throw SodaException("비활성화된 캐릭터에는 배너를 등록할 수 없습니다: $characterId")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.inactive_banner_register")
         }
 
         // 정렬 순서가 지정되지 않은 경우 가장 마지막 순서로 설정
@@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
     @Transactional
     fun updateBanner(bannerId: Long, imagePath: String? = null, characterId: Long? = null): ChatCharacterBanner {
         val banner = bannerRepository.findById(bannerId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("배너를 찾을 수 없습니다: $bannerId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.not_found") }
 
         if (!banner.isActive) {
-            throw SodaException("비활성화된 배너는 수정할 수 없습니다: $bannerId")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.inactive_update")
         }
 
         // 이미지 경로 변경
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
         // 캐릭터 변경
         if (characterId != null) {
             val character = characterRepository.findById(characterId)
-                .orElseThrow { SodaException("캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: $characterId") }
+                .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found") }
 
             if (!character.isActive) {
-                throw SodaException("비활성화된 캐릭터로는 변경할 수 없습니다: $characterId")
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.inactive_banner_change")
             }
 
             banner.chatCharacter = character
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
     @Transactional
     fun deleteBanner(bannerId: Long) {
         val banner = bannerRepository.findById(bannerId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("배너를 찾을 수 없습니다: $bannerId") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.not_found") }
 
         banner.isActive = false
         bannerRepository.save(banner)
@@ -119,10 +119,10 @@ class ChatCharacterBannerService(
 
         for (index in ids.indices) {
             val banner = bannerRepository.findById(ids[index])
-                .orElseThrow { SodaException("배너를 찾을 수 없습니다: ${ids[index]}") }
+                .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.not_found") }
 
             if (!banner.isActive) {
-                throw SodaException("비활성화된 배너는 수정할 수 없습니다: ${ids[index]}")
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.banner.inactive_update")
             }
 
             banner.sortOrder = index + 1
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterService.kt
index faec7b04..60974827 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/character/service/ChatCharacterService.kt
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ class ChatCharacterService(
     ): ChatCharacter {
         // 캐릭터 조회
         val chatCharacter = findById(request.id)
-            ?: throw kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.common.SodaException("해당 ID의 캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: ${request.id}")
+            ?: throw kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.common.SodaException(messageKey = "chat.character.not_found")
 
         // isActive가 false이면 isActive = false, name = "inactive_$name"으로 변경하고 나머지는 반영하지 않는다.
         if (request.isActive != null && !request.isActive) {
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/controller/OriginalWorkController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/controller/OriginalWorkController.kt
index 0cfbdef2..ce5232b2 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/controller/OriginalWorkController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/controller/OriginalWorkController.kt
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ class OriginalWorkController(
         @PathVariable id: Long,
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val ow = queryService.getOriginalWork(id)
         val chars = queryService.getActiveCharactersPage(id, page = 0, size = 20).content
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/service/OriginalWorkQueryService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/service/OriginalWorkQueryService.kt
index c32f3d3d..998cada9 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/service/OriginalWorkQueryService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/original/service/OriginalWorkQueryService.kt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class OriginalWorkQueryService(
     @Transactional(readOnly = true)
     fun getOriginalWork(id: Long): OriginalWork {
         return originalWorkRepository.findByIdAndIsDeletedFalse(id)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("해당 원작을 찾을 수 없습니다") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.original.not_found") }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class OriginalWorkQueryService(
     fun getActiveCharactersPage(originalWorkId: Long, page: Int = 0, size: Int = 20): Page<ChatCharacter> {
         // 원작 존재 및 소프트 삭제 여부 확인
         originalWorkRepository.findByIdAndIsDeletedFalse(originalWorkId)
-            .orElseThrow { SodaException("해당 원작을 찾을 수 없습니다") }
+            .orElseThrow { SodaException(messageKey = "chat.original.not_found") }
 
         val safePage = if (page < 0) 0 else page
         val safeSize = when {
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/ChatQuotaController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/ChatQuotaController.kt
index c82a2810..01bc064d 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/ChatQuotaController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/ChatQuotaController.kt
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ class ChatQuotaController(
     fun getMyQuota(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?
     ): ApiResponse<ChatQuotaStatusResponse> = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val s = chatQuotaService.getStatus(member.id!!)
         ApiResponse.ok(ChatQuotaStatusResponse(s.totalRemaining, s.nextRechargeAtEpochMillis))
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ class ChatQuotaController(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?,
         @RequestBody request: ChatQuotaPurchaseRequest
     ): ApiResponse<ChatQuotaStatusResponse> = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
-        if (request.container.isBlank()) throw SodaException("container를 확인해주세요.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
+        if (request.container.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.quota.container_required")
 
         // 30캔 차감 처리 (결제 기록 남김)
         canPaymentService.spendCan(
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaController.kt
index 0fed1d01..c1d8f543 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaController.kt
@@ -52,27 +52,27 @@ class ChatRoomQuotaController(
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long,
         @RequestBody req: PurchaseRoomQuotaRequest
     ): ApiResponse<PurchaseRoomQuotaResponse> = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
-        if (req.container.isBlank()) throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
+        if (req.container.isBlank()) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.invalid_access")
 
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
 
         // 내 참여 여부 확인
         participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.invalid_access")
 
         // 캐릭터 참여자 확인(유효한 AI 캐릭터 방인지 체크 및 characterId 기본값 보조)
         val characterParticipant = participantRepository
             .findByChatRoomAndParticipantTypeAndIsActiveTrue(room, ParticipantType.CHARACTER)
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.not_ai_room")
 
         val character = characterParticipant.character
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.not_ai_room")
 
         val characterId = character.id
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 요청입니다. 캐릭터 정보를 확인해주세요.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.character_required")
 
         // 서비스에서 결제 포함하여 처리
         val status = chatRoomQuotaService.purchase(
@@ -98,20 +98,20 @@ class ChatRoomQuotaController(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?,
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long
     ): ApiResponse<RoomQuotaStatusResponse> = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         // 내 참여 여부 확인
         participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.invalid_access")
         // 캐릭터 확인
         val characterParticipant = participantRepository
             .findByChatRoomAndParticipantTypeAndIsActiveTrue(room, ParticipantType.CHARACTER)
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.not_ai_room")
         val character = characterParticipant.character
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.not_ai_room")
 
         // 글로벌 Lazy refill
         val globalStatus = chatQuotaService.getStatus(member.id!!)
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaService.kt
index cb9021d6..b6ba430d 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/quota/room/ChatRoomQuotaService.kt
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class ChatRoomQuotaService(
         val now = Instant.now()
         val nowMillis = now.toEpochMilli()
         val quota = repo.findForUpdate(memberId, chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
 
         // 충전 시간이 지났다면 무료 10으로 리셋하고 next=null
         if (quota.nextRechargeAt != null && quota.nextRechargeAt!! <= nowMillis) {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class ChatRoomQuotaService(
         val globalFree = globalFreeProvider()
         if (globalFree <= 0) {
             // 전송 차단: 글로벌 무료가 0이며 유료도 0 → 전송 불가
-            throw SodaException("오늘의 무료 채팅이 모두 소진되었습니다. 내일 다시 이용해 주세요.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.global_free_exhausted")
         }
         if (quota.remainingFree <= 0) {
             // 전송 차단: 룸 무료가 0이며 유료도 0 → 전송 불가
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class ChatRoomQuotaService(
                 quota.nextRechargeAt = now.plus(Duration.ofHours(6)).toEpochMilli()
             }
 
-            throw SodaException("무료 채팅이 모두 소진되었습니다.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.quota.room_free_exhausted")
         }
 
         // 둘 다 가능 → 차감
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/controller/ChatRoomController.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/controller/ChatRoomController.kt
index 7434207b..d2b80fbb 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/controller/ChatRoomController.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/controller/ChatRoomController.kt
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?,
         @RequestBody request: CreateChatRoomRequest
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val response = chatRoomService.createOrGetChatRoom(member, request.characterId)
         ApiResponse.ok(response)
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?,
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val isActive = chatRoomService.isMyRoomSessionActive(member, chatRoomId)
         ApiResponse.ok(isActive)
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long,
         @RequestParam(required = false) characterImageId: Long?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val response = chatRoomService.enterChatRoom(member, chatRoomId, characterImageId)
         ApiResponse.ok(response)
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "#this == 'anonymousUser' ? null : member") member: Member?,
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         chatRoomService.leaveChatRoom(member, chatRoomId)
         ApiResponse.ok(true)
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @RequestParam(defaultValue = "20") limit: Int,
         @RequestParam(required = false) cursor: Long?
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val response = chatRoomService.getChatMessages(member, chatRoomId, cursor, limit)
         ApiResponse.ok(response)
@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long,
         @RequestBody request: SendChatMessageRequest
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         if (request.message.isBlank()) {
             ApiResponse.error()
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @PathVariable messageId: Long,
         @RequestBody request: ChatMessagePurchaseRequest
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val result = chatRoomService.purchaseMessage(member, chatRoomId, messageId, request.container)
         ApiResponse.ok(result)
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ class ChatRoomController(
         @PathVariable chatRoomId: Long,
         @RequestBody request: ChatRoomResetRequest
     ) = run {
-        if (member == null) throw SodaException("로그인 정보를 확인해주세요.")
-        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException("본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.")
+        if (member == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.bad_credentials")
+        if (member.auth == null) throw SodaException(messageKey = "common.error.adult_verification_required")
 
         val response = chatRoomService.resetChatRoom(member, chatRoomId, request.container)
         ApiResponse.ok(response)
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/service/ChatRoomService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/service/ChatRoomService.kt
index 3a47432c..4219c26c 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/service/ChatRoomService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/chat/room/service/ChatRoomService.kt
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.chat.room.repository.ChatRoomRepository
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.common.SodaException
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.i18n.Lang
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.i18n.LangContext
+import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.i18n.SodaMessageSource
 import kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.member.Member
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     private val characterService: ChatCharacterService,
     private val characterImageService: CharacterImageService,
     private val langContext: LangContext,
+    private val messageSource: SodaMessageSource,
     private val aiCharacterTranslationRepository: AiCharacterTranslationRepository,
     private val canPaymentService: kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.can.payment.CanPaymentService,
     private val imageCloudFront: kr.co.vividnext.sodalive.aws.cloudfront.ImageContentCloudFront,
@@ -77,19 +79,19 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     @Transactional
     fun purchaseMessage(member: Member, chatRoomId: Long, messageId: Long, container: String): ChatMessageItemDto {
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         // 참여 여부 검증
         participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
         val message = messageRepository.findById(messageId).orElseThrow {
-            SodaException("메시지를 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.not_found")
         }
-        if (!message.isActive) throw SodaException("비활성화된 메시지입니다.")
-        if (message.chatRoom.id != room.id) throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+        if (!message.isActive) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.inactive")
+        if (message.chatRoom.id != room.id) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
-        val price = message.price ?: throw SodaException("구매할 수 없는 메시지입니다.")
-        if (price <= 0) throw SodaException("구매 가격이 잘못되었습니다.")
+        val price = message.price ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.not_purchasable")
+        if (price <= 0) throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.purchase.invalid_price")
 
         // 이미지 메시지인 경우: 이미 소유했다면 결제 생략하고 DTO 반환
         if (message.messageType == ChatMessageType.IMAGE) {
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     fun createOrGetChatRoom(member: Member, characterId: Long): CreateChatRoomResponse {
         // 1. 캐릭터 조회
         val character = characterService.findById(characterId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("해당 ID의 캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다: $characterId")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.character_not_found")
 
         // 2. 이미 참여 중인 채팅방이 있는지 확인
         val existingChatRoom = chatRoomRepository.findActiveChatRoomByMemberAndCharacter(member, character)
@@ -225,21 +227,21 @@ class ChatRoomService(
 
             // success가 false이면 throw
             if (!apiResponse.success) {
-                throw SodaException("채팅방 생성에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.create_failed_retry")
             }
 
             // success가 true이면 파라미터로 넘긴 값과 일치하는지 확인
-            val data = apiResponse.data ?: throw SodaException("채팅방 생성에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+            val data = apiResponse.data ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.create_failed_retry")
 
             if (data.userId != userId && data.character.id != characterUUID && data.status != "active") {
-                throw SodaException("채팅방 생성에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.create_failed_retry")
             }
 
             // 세션 ID 반환
             return data.sessionId
         } catch (e: Exception) {
             log.error(e.message)
-            throw SodaException("채팅방 생성에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.create_failed_retry")
         }
     }
 
@@ -264,7 +266,7 @@ class ChatRoomService(
                 }
             } else {
                 if (latest?.message.isNullOrBlank() && latest?.characterImage != null) {
-                    "[이미지]"
+                    messageSource.getMessage("chat.room.last_message_image", langContext.lang).orEmpty()
                 } else {
                     ""
                 }
@@ -304,11 +306,19 @@ class ChatRoomService(
         val now = LocalDateTime.now()
         val duration = Duration.between(time, now)
         val seconds = duration.seconds
-        if (seconds <= 60) return "방금"
+        if (seconds <= 60) {
+            return messageSource.getMessage("chat.room.time.just_now", langContext.lang).orEmpty()
+        }
         val minutes = duration.toMinutes()
-        if (minutes < 60) return "${minutes}분 전"
+        if (minutes < 60) {
+            val template = messageSource.getMessage("chat.room.time.minutes_ago", langContext.lang).orEmpty()
+            return String.format(template, minutes)
+        }
         val hours = duration.toHours()
-        if (hours < 24) return "${hours}시간 전"
+        if (hours < 24) {
+            val template = messageSource.getMessage("chat.room.time.hours_ago", langContext.lang).orEmpty()
+            return String.format(template, hours)
+        }
         // 그 외: 날짜 (yyyy-MM-dd)
         return time.toLocalDate().toString()
     }
@@ -510,23 +520,23 @@ class ChatRoomService(
 
             // success가 false이면 throw
             if (!apiResponse.success) {
-                throw SodaException("오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+                throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.retry")
             }
 
             val status = apiResponse.data?.status
             return status == "active"
         } catch (e: Exception) {
             e.printStackTrace()
-            throw SodaException("오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.retry")
         }
     }
 
     @Transactional
     fun leaveChatRoom(member: Member, chatRoomId: Long, throwOnSessionEndFailure: Boolean = false) {
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         val participant = participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
         // 1) 나가기 처리
         participant.isActive = false
@@ -589,10 +599,9 @@ class ChatRoomService(
             }
         }
         // 최종 실패 처리
-        val message = "채팅방 세션 종료에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요."
         if (throwOnFailure) {
             log.error("[chat] 외부 세션 종료 최종 실패(예외 전파): sessionId={}, attempts={}", sessionId, maxAttempts)
-            throw SodaException(message)
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.session_end_failed")
         } else {
             log.error("[chat] 외부 세션 종료 최종 실패: sessionId={}, attempts={}", sessionId, maxAttempts)
         }
@@ -601,9 +610,9 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     @Transactional(readOnly = true)
     fun getChatMessages(member: Member, chatRoomId: Long, cursor: Long?, limit: Int = 20): ChatMessagesPageResponse {
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
         val pageable = PageRequest.of(0, limit)
         val fetched = if (cursor != null) {
@@ -636,18 +645,18 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     fun sendMessage(member: Member, chatRoomId: Long, message: String): SendChatMessageResponse {
         // 1) 방 존재 확인
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         // 2) 참여 여부 확인 (USER)
         val myParticipant = participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
         // 3) 캐릭터 참여자 조회
         val characterParticipant = participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndParticipantTypeAndIsActiveTrue(
             room,
             ParticipantType.CHARACTER
-        ) ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+        ) ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
         val character = characterParticipant.character
-            ?: throw SodaException("오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.retry")
 
         // 4) 외부 API 호출 준비
         val userId = generateUserId(member.id!!)
@@ -833,7 +842,7 @@ class ChatRoomService(
             }
         }
         log.error("[chat] 외부 채팅 전송 최종 실패 attempts={}", maxAttempts)
-        throw SodaException("메시지 전송을 실패했습니다.")
+        throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.send_failed")
     }
 
     private fun callExternalApiForChatSend(
@@ -875,12 +884,12 @@ class ChatRoomService(
         )
 
         if (!apiResponse.success) {
-            throw SodaException("메시지 전송을 실패했습니다.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.send_failed")
         }
-        val data = apiResponse.data ?: throw SodaException("메시지 전송을 실패했습니다.")
+        val data = apiResponse.data ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.send_failed")
         val characterContent = data.characterResponse.content
         if (characterContent.isBlank()) {
-            throw SodaException("메시지 전송을 실패했습니다.")
+            throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.message.send_failed")
         }
         return characterContent
     }
@@ -903,16 +912,16 @@ class ChatRoomService(
     fun resetChatRoom(member: Member, chatRoomId: Long, container: String): CreateChatRoomResponse {
         // 0) 방 존재 및 내 참여 여부 확인
         val room = chatRoomRepository.findByIdAndIsActiveTrue(chatRoomId)
-            ?: throw SodaException("채팅방을 찾을 수 없습니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.error.room_not_found")
         participantRepository.findByChatRoomAndMemberAndIsActiveTrue(room, member)
-            ?: throw SodaException("잘못된 접근입니다")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.invalid_access")
 
         // 1) AI 캐릭터 채팅방인지 확인 (CHARACTER 타입의 활성 참여자 존재 확인)
         val characterParticipant = participantRepository
             .findByChatRoomAndParticipantTypeAndIsActiveTrue(room, ParticipantType.CHARACTER)
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.not_ai_room")
         val character = characterParticipant.character
-            ?: throw SodaException("AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.")
+            ?: throw SodaException(messageKey = "chat.room.not_ai_room")
 
         // 2) 30캔 결제 (채팅방 초기화 전용 CanUsage 사용)
         canPaymentService.spendCan(
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/i18n/SodaMessageSource.kt b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/i18n/SodaMessageSource.kt
index 3dd61bbc..16624887 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/i18n/SodaMessageSource.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/kr/co/vividnext/sodalive/i18n/SodaMessageSource.kt
@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ class SodaMessageSource {
             Lang.EN to "Please check your login information.",
             Lang.JA to "ログイン情報を確認してください。"
         ),
+        "common.error.adult_verification_required" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "본인인증을 하셔야 합니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Identity verification is required.",
+            Lang.JA to "本人認証が必要です。"
+        ),
         "common.error.max_upload_size" to mapOf(
             Lang.KO to "파일용량은 최대 1024MB까지 저장할 수 있습니다.",
             Lang.EN to "The file size can be saved up to 1024MB.",
@@ -1662,6 +1667,245 @@ class SodaMessageSource {
         )
     )
 
+    private val chatCharacterCommentMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.character.comment.required" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "댓글 내용을 입력해주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Please enter a comment.",
+            Lang.JA to "コメント内容を入力してください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.deleted" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "댓글이 삭제되었습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "The comment has been deleted.",
+            Lang.JA to "コメントが削除されました。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.reported" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "신고가 접수되었습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Your report has been received.",
+            Lang.JA to "通報が受け付けられました。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.invalid" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "유효하지 않은 댓글입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Invalid comment.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効なコメントです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "댓글을 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Comment not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "コメントが見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.inactive" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 댓글입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This comment is inactive.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたコメントです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.delete_forbidden" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "삭제 권한이 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "You do not have permission to delete.",
+            Lang.JA to "削除権限がありません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.comment.report_content_required" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "신고 내용을 입력해주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Please enter a report message.",
+            Lang.JA to "通報内容を入力してください。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatCharacterMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.character.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Character not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "キャラクターが見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.inactive" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 캐릭터입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This character is inactive.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたキャラクターです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.inactive_image_register" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 캐릭터에는 이미지를 등록할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Images cannot be registered for an inactive character.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたキャラクターには画像を登録できません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.inactive_banner_register" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 캐릭터에는 배너를 등록할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Banners cannot be registered for an inactive character.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたキャラクターにはバナーを登録できません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.inactive_banner_change" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 캐릭터로는 변경할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "You cannot change to an inactive character.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたキャラクターには変更できません。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatCharacterImageMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.character.image.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "캐릭터 이미지를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Character image not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "キャラクター画像が見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.image.inactive" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 이미지입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This image is inactive.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化された画像です。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.image.min_price" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "가격은 0 can 이상이어야 합니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Price must be at least 0 can.",
+            Lang.JA to "価格は0can以上である必要があります。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.image.inactive_update" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 이미지는 수정할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Inactive images cannot be updated.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化された画像は修正できません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.image.other_character_included" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "다른 캐릭터의 이미지가 포함되어 있습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Images from another character are included.",
+            Lang.JA to "別のキャラクターの画像が含まれています。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.image.inactive_order_change" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 이미지는 순서를 변경할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Inactive images cannot change order.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化された画像の順序は変更できません。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatCharacterBannerMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.character.banner.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "배너를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Banner not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "バナーが見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.character.banner.inactive_update" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 배너는 수정할 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Inactive banners cannot be updated.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたバナーは修正できません。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatOriginalWorkMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.original.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "해당 원작을 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Original work not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "該当する原作が見つかりません。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatQuotaMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.quota.container_required" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "container를 확인해주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Please check the container.",
+            Lang.JA to "containerを確認してください。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatRoomQuotaMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.room.quota.invalid_access" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "잘못된 접근입니다",
+            Lang.EN to "Invalid access.",
+            Lang.JA to "不正なアクセスです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.quota.not_ai_room" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This is not an AI character chat room.",
+            Lang.JA to "AIキャラクターのチャットルームではありません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.quota.character_required" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "잘못된 요청입니다. 캐릭터 정보를 확인해주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Invalid request. Please check the character information.",
+            Lang.JA to "不正なリクエストです。キャラクター情報を確認してください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.quota.global_free_exhausted" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "오늘의 무료 채팅이 모두 소진되었습니다. 내일 다시 이용해 주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Today's free chats have been used up. Please try again tomorrow.",
+            Lang.JA to "本日の無料チャットはすべて使い切りました。明日またご利用ください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.quota.room_free_exhausted" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "무료 채팅이 모두 소진되었습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Free chats have been used up.",
+            Lang.JA to "無料チャットはすべて使い切りました。"
+        )
+    )
+
+    private val chatRoomMessages = mapOf(
+        "chat.room.invalid_access" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "잘못된 접근입니다",
+            Lang.EN to "Invalid access.",
+            Lang.JA to "不正なアクセスです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.not_ai_room" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "AI 캐릭터 채팅방이 아닙니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This is not an AI character chat room.",
+            Lang.JA to "AIキャラクターのチャットルームではありません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.message.not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "메시지를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Message not found.",
+            Lang.JA to "メッセージが見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.message.inactive" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "비활성화된 메시지입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This message is inactive.",
+            Lang.JA to "無効化されたメッセージです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.message.not_purchasable" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "구매할 수 없는 메시지입니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "This message cannot be purchased.",
+            Lang.JA to "購入できないメッセージです。"
+        ),
+        "chat.purchase.invalid_price" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "구매 가격이 잘못되었습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Invalid purchase price.",
+            Lang.JA to "購入価格が正しくありません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.character_not_found" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "해당 ID의 캐릭터를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Character not found for the given ID.",
+            Lang.JA to "該当IDのキャラクターが見つかりません。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.create_failed_retry" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "채팅방 생성에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Failed to create the chat room. Please try again.",
+            Lang.JA to "チャットルームの作成に失敗しました。もう一度お試しください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.error.retry" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "An error occurred. Please try again.",
+            Lang.JA to "エラーが発生しました。もう一度お試しください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.session_end_failed" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "채팅방 세션 종료에 실패했습니다. 다시 시도해 주세요.",
+            Lang.EN to "Failed to end the chat room session. Please try again.",
+            Lang.JA to "チャットルームのセッション終了に失敗しました。もう一度お試しください。"
+        ),
+        "chat.message.send_failed" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "메시지 전송을 실패했습니다.",
+            Lang.EN to "Failed to send the message.",
+            Lang.JA to "メッセージの送信に失敗しました。"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.last_message_image" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "[이미지]",
+            Lang.EN to "[Image]",
+            Lang.JA to "[画像]"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.time.just_now" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "방금",
+            Lang.EN to "Just now",
+            Lang.JA to "たった今"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.time.minutes_ago" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "%d분 전",
+            Lang.EN to "%d minutes ago",
+            Lang.JA to "%d分前"
+        ),
+        "chat.room.time.hours_ago" to mapOf(
+            Lang.KO to "%d시간 전",
+            Lang.EN to "%d hours ago",
+            Lang.JA to "%d時間前"
+        )
+    )
+
     private val creatorCommunityMessages = mapOf(
         "creator.community.paid_post_image_required" to mapOf(
             Lang.KO to "유료 게시글 등록을 위해서는 이미지가 필요합니다.",
@@ -1772,6 +2016,14 @@ class SodaMessageSource {
             creatorAdminContentMessages,
             creatorAdminSeriesRequestMessages,
             creatorAdminSeriesMessages,
+            chatCharacterCommentMessages,
+            chatCharacterMessages,
+            chatCharacterImageMessages,
+            chatCharacterBannerMessages,
+            chatOriginalWorkMessages,
+            chatQuotaMessages,
+            chatRoomQuotaMessages,
+            chatRoomMessages,
             creatorCommunityMessages
         )
         for (messages in messageGroups) {